Copper Magazine | PS Audio

… as Neil Sedaka wrote, “breaking up is hard to do”. He must not have had woofers in mind because that’s apparently something that happens easily, unless enough care is taken in their design.
The cone material of a woofer is critical. We do not want that material to do unexpected things. We want it stiff enough to push the air without changing its shape. We want it to be light enough it’s easy for the woofer’s motor to move it back and forth...

I mentioned yesterday the power of music is typically below 1kHz if we’re talking about an orchestra. Of course a trumpet, a flute, a voice would stand out in loudness and be at a higher frequency than what I mentioned. Several of you asked me about...

Woofers. Bass drivers. Big cones. All used to produce about 70% of our music’s content in terms of quantity.
If you look at an amplitude spectrum of music you’ll find the vast majority is well below 1,000Hz and most of the energy our power amplifiers deliver to our loudspeakers is used by the woofer to reproduce these lower frequencies. And as you go down in...

Yesterday’s post I mentioned there are multiple types of amplifier topologies used for subwoofers, the majority of modern ones Class D amps. I also mentioned another popular topology called BASH. Several of you asked me to expand upon the BASH amp and...